01 - Combine cranberries, granulated sugar, orange juice, and orange zest in a small saucepan. Bring to a simmer over medium heat, stirring occasionally, until cranberries burst and mixture thickens for 8-10 minutes. Remove from heat and cool completely.
02 - Whip cold heavy cream and powdered sugar in a large bowl until soft peaks form. In a separate bowl, beat mascarpone and vanilla extract until smooth. Gently fold whipped cream into mascarpone mixture until fully combined.
03 - Combine orange juice and orange liqueur in a shallow dish. Quickly dip each ladyfinger into the mixture without soaking, then line the bottom of a 9x9-inch dish with half of the ladyfingers. Spread half of the mascarpone cream over the ladyfingers, then spoon half of the cranberry compote over the cream. Repeat layers with remaining ladyfingers, mascarpone cream, and cranberry compote.
04 - Cover and refrigerate for at least 4 hours, preferably overnight. Before serving, garnish with orange zest, fresh cranberries, and a dusting of powdered sugar if desired.