01 - Preheat oven to 375°F. Line a 12-cup muffin tin with paper liners or grease lightly.
02 - In a large bowl, whisk together flour, sugar, baking soda, baking powder, salt, and caraway seeds until well blended.
03 - In a separate medium bowl, whisk buttermilk, melted butter, and egg until fully combined.
04 - Pour wet mixture into dry ingredients. Stir gently until just barely combined—small lumps should remain. Do not overmix.
05 - Fold in raisins or currants until evenly distributed throughout the batter.
06 - Divide batter evenly among prepared muffin cups, filling each approximately three-quarters full.
07 - Bake for 18 to 20 minutes until a toothpick inserted into the center comes out clean.
08 - Let muffins cool in pan for 5 minutes, then transfer to wire rack to cool completely. Serve warm with butter or jam.